Optical Fibers Systems Structures – EM wave propagation in OF – Attenuation - Dispersion. Types and specifications. Mechanical properties – Cables Splices and Connectors. Semiconductor Optical Sources & Transmitters : LED & LASERS, Types and Structures, power and spectral characteristics,modulation and modulation BW, ALC, Laser Module. Photodetectors and Receivers : PIN & APD responsivity. Bandwidth. Types of receivers – Receiver performance and sensitivity degradation. Transmission system architectures, design and performance. Multichannel OF systems - Optical Amplifiers – Dispersion Compensation – Long haul terrestrial and submarine systems engineering and relevant ITU-T recommendations.